Ullal Srinivas Mallya was a freedom fighter and the first MP from Dakshina Kannada; the exhibition features a detailed documentation of Mallya’s ancestral house in Mangaluru along with rare biographical photographs and architectural diagrams. The Mangaluru Chapter of the Indian National Trust for Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) inaugurated a photo exhibition titled “The Mallya Residence” on Thursday (November 21, 2024) at the Kodial Guthu Centre for Art and Culture. It is being organised to mark the 122nd birth anniversary of Ullal Srinivas Mallya, a freedom fighter and the first Member of Parliament from Dakshina Kannada, and is part of INTACH’s World Heritage Week celebrations. The exhibition features a detailed documentation of Mallya’s ancestral house in Lower Car Street, where he spent his childhood, along with rare biographical photographs and architectural diagrams. Curated by the INTACH Mangaluru Chapter, the display provides insights into his life. The exhibition will remain open to the public till November 24 from 11 a.m. to 7 p.m. After INTACH Mangaluru Convener Subhas Chandra Basu’s introductory address, team member Sharvani Bhat detailed the meticulous documentation process. Surathkal Govinda Dasa College Principal P. Krishnamoorthy highlighted the late Mallya’s pivotal role in shaping modern Mangaluru through initiatives like the airport, New Mangalore Port, national highways and the National Institute of Technology. “Mallya’s legacy is honored by no fewer than four statues across the city, signifying his enduring impact,” he said.

Kasturi Balakrishna Pai shared a poignant personal memory as a pallbearer at Mallya’s funeral. He recalled his interactions with Mallya and the deep sense of loss that prevailed in the city after his untimely passing. Similarly, filmmaker and musician Madhusudhan Kumar recounted how, during his college days, he often saw Mallya passing by in his car and shared his father’s admiration for the latter’s vision and dedication.

A book titled Srinivas Mallya’s Residence, documenting the heritage site, was unveiled jointly by Mallya’s grandson Narahari Mallya (the current occupant of the residence) and Mr. Krishnamoorthy. Mr. Narahari Mallya expressed his family’s gratitude to INTACH for preserving their ancestral legacy.

https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Mangalore/intach-inaugurates-the-mallya-residence-photo-exhibition-on-late-ullal-srinivas-mallyas-ancestral-house/article68897291.ece, December 2, 2024

The order has been issued by a bench to the petition to refrain from demolishing or reconstructing the Devaraja Market and Lansdowne Building. The Supreme Court (SC) of India has directed, to make the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) and Indian National Trust for Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) as parties to the petition for Special Leave (SLP), seeking interim relief to the judgement of Karnataka High Court in a writ petition to conserve the iconic Devaraja Market and Lansdowne buildings of Mysuru city. The SC has issued an order to this effect, on December 4, to the petition by G Sathyanarayana, also known as Gouri Sathya, and another person, versus the State of Karnataka and others. The order has been issued by a SC bench, comprising judges Sudhanshu Dhulia and Ashanuddin Amanulla, to the petition to refrain from demolishing or reconstructing the Devaraja Market and Lansdowne Building. The judges have also directed to issue notices to the newly impleaded parties – ASI and INTACH - and to re-list the matter for hearing on January 8, 2025. The SLP had been filed against the impugned judgment and final order (dated August 8, 2023), passed in Writ Petition No 15215/2020 (PIL), by the High Court. The PIL had been filed by Gouri Sathya and Rajachandra, son-in-law of Maharaja Jayachamaraja Wadiyar, seeking a direction to the respondent authorities, to refrain from demolishing or reconstructing the Devaraja Market and Lansdowne Building. They argued that the Devaraj Market and Lansdowne Building are heritage buildings, as per Section 2(1ea) of the Karnataka Town and Country Planning Act, 1961, in view of their classification as heritage building in the Master Plan – 2031 for Mysuru-Nanjangud Local Planning Area (Revision – II).

While a portion of the Devaraja Market building collapsed in August 2016, a part of the Lansdowne Building collapsed earlier, in August 2012, claiming four lives. The Karnataka government had set up two committees, which gave extremely different reports. Even as one report advocated conservation of the buildings, by strengthening and restoring them, another advocated demolition and construction of new buildings. The government had accepted the later report and thus the petitioners approached the High Court. A Division Bench of the High Court, comprising Chief Justice Prasanna B Varale and Justice M G S Kamal, dismissed the PIL filed in 2020, by Mysuru citizens, including D Shrijay Devaraj Urs, Gouri Satya, N Niranjan Nikam (now late) and Raja Chandra. Devaraja Market was built during the time of Maharaja Chamarajendra Wadiyar from 1881 to 1894, while the Lansdowne Building was inaugurated by Viceroy Lansdowne (Henry Charles Keith PettyFitzmaurice, 5th marquess of Lansdowne) on November 10, 1892

https://www.deccanherald.com/india/karnataka/sc-to-make-asi-intach-parties-in-petition-on-conserving-mysurus-devaraja-market-lansdowne-building-331342, December 3, 2024

The Madurai Chapter of the Indian National Trust for Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) hosted a Sindhi heritage meet on Wednesday as part of its world heritage programmes. The event took place at the Sindhi Temple on Pappan Kinathu Street, spotlighting the Sindhi community's rich cultural traditions and their harmonious integration into Tamil society. The gathering began with the Sai Jhulelal Behrana, an arti ritual honouring the community's patron deity, Jhulelal Sai.

The temple, established in 1954 and recently expanded, reflects the Sindhi community's spiritual diversity, featuring images of Guru Nanak and Hindu deities. Vani Chenguttuwan, INTACH Madurai convenor, inaugurated the event. This was followed by an account by Mala Kukreja, who recounted the community's migration during the Partition of India in 1947 and their subsequent contributions to Indian society. A presentation by Soni Hasija and Priya Chugh delved into Sindhi customs, culture, and cuisine. "Sindhi cuisine, especially dishes like Dal Pakwan, reflects our history and resilience," said Chugh. The evening concluded with the distribution of Karava prasad and a feast of Sindhi delicacies prepared by community members, offering attendees a taste of the community's culinary heritage.

https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/madurai/celebrating-sindhi-heritage-intach-madurais-cultural-meet-at-sindhi-temple/articleshow/115779576.cms, December 3, 2024

The Indian National Trust for Art, Culture and Heritage (INTACH), Punjab chapter, through its state convener Maj Gen Balwinder Singh (retd), has urged the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) and Punjab Tourism Department to address the alarming decline in the upkeep of the Nakodar Dakhni Sarai, a Mughal-era heritage site. In a letter to ASI Director General Yudubir Singh Rawat, Maj Gen Singh highlighted the deteriorating condition of this 17th-century Mughal-era masterpiece, which is facing the dwindling visitor numbers due to inadequate facilities and poor maintenance. Located just 25 km from Jalandhar, Dakhni Sarai was built in 1640 by Mughal noble Ali Mardan Khan during Emperor Shah Jahan’s reign. Renowned for its architectural grandeur, the site features 124 intricately designed cells surrounding by a serene courtyard, offering a glimpse into the opulence of the Mughal-era hospitality. However, Singh expressed concerns over the crumbling internal walls which are at risk of collapse, if immediate repairs are not undertaken. The site also suffers from a lack of basic amenities. "The drinking water facility is non-functional due to a broken motor that has not been replaced despite long-pending approval. The washrooms, too, are in a deplorable state, making the site less appealing to visitors. The absence of a canteen or refreshment facility further discourages tourists, who often seek basic conveniences at such heritage locations", the letter reads. In the letter, Maj Gen Singh suggested that the Sarai could be used for cultural and revenue-generating events, such as musical evenings, gatherings and even wedding receptions. This, he argued, would not only attract more visitors, but also provide funds for the monument's upkeep. He also proposed converting some of the intricately designed cells into overnight stay rooms with minimal modifications, enhancing its appeal as a heritage destination. The accessibility to the site is another challenge. The lack of proper parking facilities and a poorly maintained approach road makes it difficult for visitors to reach the Sarai comfortably. Addressing these infrastructure issues, Singh stressed, are essential to revitalising the site and ensuring a steady influx of tourists. Describing the Nakodar Dakhni Sarai as a "living relic of Punjab's Mughal heritage," Singh emphasised its importance for history lovers, architecture enthusiasts and future generations. He called on the authorities to act urgently to preserve this treasure of the Mughal-era architecture, underscoring its potential to serve as a hub of cultural and historical significance. Reviving and maintaining such sites, Singh argued, is crucial not only for tourism, but also for safeguarding the region’s rich cultural heritage for generations to come.

https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/jalandhar/intach-concerned-over-neglect-of-mughal-era-nakodar-dakhni-sarai/, December 4, 2024

As part of the World Heritage Week celebrations in Kashmir, INTACH’s Kashmir Chapter organised a study tour and heritage walk at Burzhom archaeological site for students from Government School Malbagh and Kashani Memorial Public School. The event aimed to delve into the prehistoric heritage of the region, with a focus on Burzhom, a nationally protected site that holds tentative World Heritage status under UNESCO. The Burzhom site is of immense historical significance, as UNESCO highlights its role in transferring agricultural practices from Central Asia to the Gangetic plains of North India. It also provides a glimpse into the Neolithic period, showcasing the evolution of early human life in Kashmir. This era, dating back to 3000 BCE and extending into a second phase around 1500 BCE, marks the transition of humans in Kashmir to cultivators and domesticators of animals. The site features evidence of early pit dwellings, cultivation, and animal domestication—the first of its kind in Kashmir’s history.

During the event, students explored the essential aspects of Neolithic life and its contributions to agriculture, livelihoods, and early technologies. They participated in an engaging lecture-demonstration led by Saleem Beg, convener of INTACH Kashmir Chapter. His insightful interaction made the history of Burzhom accessible and relatable, simplifying complex archaeological and cultural concepts for the young audience. Group discussions led by teachers and INTACH experts further deepened the students’ understanding of the site’s material heritage, including excavated artifacts such as pottery and metal tools. These discussions shed light on the technologies and skills that shaped prehistoric Kashmir.

The event’s success was largely attributed to the collaborative efforts of teachers, including Urfana Amin and Sheema, who guided the students throughout the walk. “Their dedication enriched the learning experience and ensured the event was both educational and enjoyable,” the organisers said Altaf Hussain, co-convener of INTACH Kashmir, extended his gratitude to the principals of Government High School Malbagh and Kashani Memorial Public School Burzhom for their support in making the event a success. World Heritage Week at Burzhom proved to be a meaningful exercise, fostering a deeper connection among students to their region’s rich cultural and historical legacy.

https://www.greaterkashmir.com/city/intach-celebrates-world-heritage-week-at-burzhom-archaeological-site/, December 5, 2024

The Mangaluru Chapter of the Indian National Trust for Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) concluded its World Heritage Week celebrations with the inauguration of an exhibition titled ‘Kattes of Mangaluru’. The event, held on Monday, November 25, 2024, at 5:30 p.m. at the Kodial Guthu Centre for Art and Culture, showcased the unique cultural and environmental significance of kattes—sacred tree platforms that double as local landmarks and community hubs in the coastal region. The exhibition is the result of a comprehensive two-year documentation project led by INTACH Mangaluru Chapter Convener, Subhas Chandra Basu, with support from architects and architecture students. The project documented approximately 200 kattes across old Mangaluru, offering a glimpse into their historic and evolving roles. Presenting the findings, Subhas Chandra Basu highlighted the importance of kattes as spaces for socializing, trade and leisure, which have increasingly transitioned to sites of religious significance. “While religious association aids in conserving the trees and spaces for a longer duration, it also limits the traditional activities and open access once associated with kattes,” he explained.

He emphasized the need to expand such documentation efforts to encompass more of Mangaluru and beyond. The chief guest, renowned environmentalist Madhav Ullal, lauded INTACH for its initiative. Known for planting and nurturing over 20,000 trees in Dakshina Kannada, Ullal addressed the audience on the challenges of urbanization and deforestation in Mangaluru. “The green cover that once defined this city is rapidly vanishing due to unchecked urbanization. People today lack both awareness and fear of the law, with fines for tree cutting being as low as Rs. 200. Stricter enforcement and policies are essential to curb deforestation,” he asserted. A printed project report detailing the documentation efforts was unveiled. The exhibition will remain open to the public at Kodial Guthu Centre from 11:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m. daily, until Saturday, November 30.

https://www.mangaloretoday.com/main/INTACH-Mangaluru-World-Heritage-Week-concludes-with-inauguration-of-exhibition-on-Kattes-of-Mangaluru-.htm, December 6, 2024

INTACH Andaman and Nicobar Chapter celebrated the World Soil day at Govt. Middle School, Dignabad with 30 students. Samhita Veda Acharya, Convenor gave a short lecture on the importance of soil and its conservation followed by an interactive session where the children were made to understand the importance of endemic species, as well as the natural heritage of the islands. The geological sites of the islands were also discussed as well as students came up with names of birds, animals that they observe around.

The children were given stationary and crayons to make sketches of flora and fauna they have observed in the islands. The entries were later collected by INTACH for further evaluation and three winners would be announced soon. The event was made possible with the support of the Headmistress Madam, Smti. K.S. Bindu and Rizwan Sir. Mr. Sajit Jaina was the INTACH Volunteer who coordinated the entire event.

https://www.andamansheekha.com/134369/, December 7, 2024

To mark World Heritage Week, INTACH-Amritsar, with the support of various prominent schools of Amritsar, visited the ancient ruins at Harsha Chhina village in Ajnala. Maj Gen Balwinder Singh, Punjab state Convener and Gagandeep Singh Virk, convener of Intach Amritsar, said that the aim of this programme was to create the mindset of archaeologists among the students so that they can see the huge ruins of their ancestors being destroyed in this part of Punjab. “These ruins were once a mountain-like structure and an archeological site, which was destroyed through land encroachment over the years.,” said Virk. “Meanwhile, the tour was led by historian Surinder Kochhar shared detailed information about temples once present there. He shared information about the stones, clay and terracotta objects. Students of DAV International School Amritsar, Howard Lane School Amritsar and Riarki School shared their experience and said they would request the administration to take care of this site. Gagandeep Singh and others demanded that the Archaeological Survey of India should do more research on this and should involve students from schools, colleges and universities in these researches.

https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/amritsar/intach-organises-heritage-tour-of-harsha-chhina-village/, December 8, 2024

The Department of History at Sardar Patel University, Mandi, in collaboration with INTACH Mandi Chapter, marked World Heritage Week with a thought-provoking guest lecture, “Heritage Discussion.” The event, held at the university’s Mandav Campus, brought together academicians, conservationists, and students to explore Mandi’s rich biodiversity and cultural traditions. The program featured Prof Lalit Kumar Awasthi, Vice-Chancellor of Sardar Patel University, as the chief guest. Naresh Malhotra, INTACH coordinator, presided over the event, with distinguished speakers including Pro-Vice-Chancellor Dr Anupama Singh, Lalit Malhotra, and keynote speaker Dr. Tara Sen.

A Vision for Cultural and Economic Growth

In his address, Professor Awasthi emphasized the urgent need to conserve the region’s wild fruits like kaffal, hisalu, amla, and bedana, which hold both cultural and economic significance. He proposed an innovative plan for the university to adopt five villages and assist locals in processing and marketing these pesticide-free fruits. “By promoting these fruits, we can not only enhance rural incomes but also offer pesticide-free products to consumers across India,” said Awasthi. He also urged students to learn about the uses and benefits of these fruits to ensure their preservation.

The Historical and Medicinal Relevance of Wild Fruits
Dr. Tara Sen, Assistant Professor of Botany at Vallabh Government College, Mandi, highlighted the deep connection of wild fruits to Mandi’s rural lifestyle. “Wild fruits have been an integral part of ancient medicine and regional diets. Cultivating and trading them ensures both economic upliftment and the preservation of local traditions,” she remarked. She also underlined their medicinal properties, stressing their importance in today’s world as natural and sustainable alternatives to synthetic products.

A Collaborative Effort to Protect Biodiversity
Pro-Vice-Chancellor Anupama Singh raised concerns about the declining availability of wild fruits due to urbanization and environmental changes. She stressed the need for immediate action to conserve these rare species.

Program Chair Naresh Malhotra and INTACH Co-Coordinator Anil Sharma echoed this sentiment, urging stakeholders to work together to preserve and promote the region’s unique biodiversity.

Inspiring the Next Generation
The event concluded with an appeal to engage young minds in conservation efforts. Faculty members, including Dr. Rakesh Kumar Sharma, who organized the event, called for collective action to safeguard Mandi’s natural and cultural heritage. The event was attended by prominent academicians, INTACH members, and students, who left inspired to take steps toward preserving Mandi’s heritage for future generations.

A Path Forward This initiative serves as a beacon for integrating cultural preservation with sustainable economic development. The collaboration between Sardar Patel University and INTACH highlights the potential of community-driven efforts to revive and sustain traditional practices, ensuring they remain a vital part of India’s legacy.

https://thenewzradar.com/top-five/reviving-mandis-heritage-a-call-to-preserve-wild-fruits-and-culture/, December 9, 2024

Rajasthan’s archaeological sites have uncovered a wealth of punch-mark coins dating from 600 BC to 1000 BC, offering valuable insights into a largely unexplored period in Indian history. This era, known as the “Dark Age,” spans the time between the fall of the Indus Valley Civilisation and the advent of Lord Buddha. A retired numismatist, Zafar Ullah Khan, from the Rajasthan Department of Archaeology and Museology, presented his research on this topic at the National Numismatics Conference in Meerut on December 5. He highlighted significant coin discoveries at key sites such as Ahar (Udaipur), Kalibanga (Hanumangarh), Viratnagar (Jaipur), and Jankipura (Tonk). These findings shed light on a vibrant trade network that once thrived across the region. Khan also pointed out the similarities between Rajasthan’s coins and those discovered throughout India, from Peshawar to Kanyakumari.

During his career, he studied over 2,000 coins from this period, offering valuable insights into the economic and cultural exchanges of the time. The coins, featuring symbols like the Sun, Shadchakra, and Mountains/Meru, were made from metals such as silver and copper. Each coin had a standardised weight of 3.3 grams. Noteworthy discoveries were made in Tonk, where 3,300 coins were unearthed in 1935, and in Sikar, with 2,400 coins found in 1998. Metallurgical tools discovered in these areas show similarities to those found in Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, and Peshawar, suggesting a connection to a larger cultural and trade network. “In his paper, Khan noted that Chinese travelers Fa-Hien (399-414 CE), Sunyan (518 CE), and Hiuen-Tsang (629 CE) had documented ruins in these regions, indicating their historical importance. These accounts, along with the archaeological findings, deepen our understanding of a lost era and highlight Rajasthan’s role in ancient trade.” “AK Jagdhari, the retired director of the department who conducted extensive research on these coins, emphasised the importance of further surveys at these Rajasthan sites to shed light on this lost chapter of Indian history.” “Given that many sites from the same era are now located in Pakistan, the prospects for their excavation are limited, making Rajasthan a key link in unraveling the mysteries of this ancient period."

“The region’s trade history, akin to the significance of the Silk Route, is further underscored by the ongoing discovery of coins from the Gupta dynasty, Malavas, and Janapadas, highlighting Rajasthan’s pivotal economic and cultural role,” said Jagdhari. The department has collected more than 2.21 lakh ancient coins, including 7,180 punch-marked specimens, all curated under the Rajasthan Treasure Trove Rules of 1961. These discoveries offer valuable insights into Rajasthan’s historical and economic significance.

https://organiser.org/2024/12/11/268759/bharat/rajasthans-archaeological-discoveries-punch-marked-coins-reveal-trade-secrets-of-the-dark-age, December 10, 2024

Two Indian heritage conservation projects—the Abathsahayeswarar Temple Conservation Project in Thukkatchi, Tamil Nadu, and the BJPCI Conservation Project of Mumbai, Maharashtra—have won UNESCO’s Asia-Pacific Awards for Cultural Heritage Conservation 2024. These two heritage conservation projects were among eight from the Asia Pacific region that won the 2024 UNESCO Asia-Pacific Awards for Cultural Heritage Conservation. UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation) announced the award winners at its regional office in Bangkok, Thailand, on 6 December 2024. Abathsahayeswarar Temple Conservation Project The Abathsahayeswarar Temple Conservation Project won the Award of Distinction in the UNESCO’s Award category. Lord Dakshinamurthy (Lord Shiva) is the presiding deity of the Abathsahayeswarar (Apatsahayesvarar )Temple located in the Thukkatchi village in Thiruvarur District of Tamil Nadu. The 7th century Tamil Saivite work ‘Thevaram’ and one of the Paadal Petra Sthalams mentions the temple. The Temple was awarded the UNESCO Award of Distinction for using modern engineering expertise and the know-how of Hindu temple builders, sthapathi, for structural conservation. Award of Merit for BJPCI Conversation Project The BJPCI (Sir Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Parsee Charitable Institution) Conservation project bagged the Merit Award of UNESCO’s Asia-Pacific Awards for Cultural Heritage Conservation 2024. The BJPCI school building, built in 1908 in Gothic style, is located in Mumbai, Maharashtra. It was built to promote education amongst the economically weaker sections of society. The restoration work was done during the school's two-month summer break. UNESCO Asia-Pacific Awards for Cultural Heritage Conservation The UNESCO Asia-Pacific Awards for Cultural Heritage Conservation was established by UNESCO in 2000. The Award recognises the efforts of individuals and organisations in Asia and the Pacific region to restore, conserve, and transform structures and buildings of heritage value. The seven-member Jury of expert conservation practitioners in architecture, archaeology, and community development selected the 2024 UNESCO Award winners based on three criteria: their understanding of place, technical achievements, and sustainability and impact. The international jury members were conservation practitioners in architecture, archaeology, and community development. Award Winners of the 2024 The UNESCO Award has five categories, with the highest being the Award of Excellence. The other award categories are the Award of Distinction, the Award for New Design in Heritage Context, the Award of Merit, and Special Recognition for Sustainable Development. Following are the list of the eight winners of the 2024 UNESCO Award Awards of Excellence Inari-yu Bathhouse Restoration Project in Tokyo, Japan Award of Distinction Abathsahayeswarar Temple Conservation Project, in Thukkatchi, Tamil Nadu Gunan Street Historic Block Conservation Project, in Yixing, Jiangsu Province, China. Award of Merit BJPCI Conservation Project, of Mumbai, India; Guanyin Hall Teahouse Conservation Project, Chengdu in Sichuan Province of China;
Helou Pavilion Conservation Project, of Shanghai, China;
Observatory Tower Conservation Project, of Christchurch, New Zealand.
Special Recognition for Sustainable Development
Gunan Street Historic Block Conservation Project
Helou Pavilion Conservation Project, of Shanghai, China;

Award for New Design in Heritage Contexts

Rabindhorn Building, Bangkok, Thailand

About UNESCO

UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation) is a United Nations Agency set up 16 November 1945. UNESCO’s mission- build a culture of peace, eradication of poverty, sustainable development and intercultural dialogue through education, the sciences, culture, communication and information. Members: 195 Members and 8 Associate Members Headquarters: Paris, France

https://utkarsh.com/current-affairs/abathsahayeswarar-temple-bjpci-project-bag-unesco-heritage-award, December 12, 2024

Spring Dale students won the INTACH National Heritage Quiz-2024 for the state of Punjab for the second consecutive time. The national champs were given a heroic welcome in the school premises by their mates and teachers. Sahiljit Singh Sandhu, Chairman, Spring Dale Educational Society, shared joyously that the school quiz team, based upon Mudit Tyal of Grade IX and Sargun Kaur Bhullar of Grade X, has created history while winning the title of national winners of the coveted INTACH National Heritage Quiz for two consecutive years. The school trounced teams from 1,500 schools all across the country during their journey to the national level and earlier at the regional level to emerge the national winner of the title. Rajiv Kumar Sharma, Principal, Spring Dale Senior School, congratulated the winning team and their mentor, Neeru Issar, while he proudly mentioned that during the recent past too, the school heritage quiz team had established its reputation at the national level by repeatedly winning prestigious competitions like CBSE Heritage Quiz-2023, INTACH Heritage Quiz-2023 and Bharat Ko Jano Quiz-2023.

https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/amritsar/campus-notes-spring-dale-wins-intach-heritage-quiz/, December 16, 2024

The katte holds social and cultural significance, and efforts have begun to conserve this essential slice of Indian life. In the heart of rural and urban India, the katte (a raised platform built around a tree) has long been a hub for community life, blending social, religious and cultural practices. These humble structures, often nestled under the cool canopy of trees, provided space for villagers, wayfarers and local communities to gather, share stories, engage in religious rituals, or simply rest before continuing their journeys. However, as urbanization accelerates across the country, many of these once-vibrant community spaces have disappeared. Yet, in Mangaluru, a city on the west coast of India, efforts are being made to preserve this legacy of communal gatherings. Historically, kattes were found across villages, towns and even cities, offering a physical and emotional respite from the demands of daily life.

These structures were not just resting places but acted as vital social nodes where people would come together to converse, pray and bond. Often, they were built around large trees, whose shade provided comfort and whose roots anchored a sense of community. However, with rapid urban development, these traditional spaces have steadily eroded. Now, the Indian National Trust for Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH), Mangaluru chapter, has embarked on an ambitious project to document and preserve over 250 kattes across the coastal city. The effort is part of a broader strategy to protect not only the physical structure but also the cultural spaces they represent. The documentation process, which combines research with local input, highlights the importance of kattes as communal spaces and advocates their conservation within the context of modern urban development.

Preserving heritage amid growth

The report by INTACH calls for increased awareness and tangible action by citizens, urban planners and policy makers, to ensure that kattes are preserved in the face of growing urban encroachment. As traffic grows and construction projects take over once-public spaces, the challenge becomes how to integrate these community hubs into modern city life. The report argues that periodic assessment of these kattes — monitoring both the trees and platforms — are essential for their survival. This can include addressing structural damage and providing solutions such as using flexible materials or adjusting platform heights to accommodate tree growth. Moreover, kattes should not be merely preserved as relics of the past. They need to be revitalised as public spaces where community engagement can thrive. In the past, kattes were maintained collectively by the local population. As Subash Basu, convener of INTACH, Mangaluru Chapter, puts it: "We intend to sensitise citizens about the importance of tree kattes and the social, religious and ecological necessity to chalk out conservation methods to be used as an element of urban design for the future."

The documentation of kattes is an ongoing effort. INTACH has created an open platform for citizens and students to contribute by identifying and adding new kattes to the list through a simple QR code system. This allows locals to become active participants in the preservation of their cultural heritage. In addition to physical documentation, the report suggests exploring the rich anecdotal history associated with each katte. Stories from the past, often passed down through generations, hold untapped potential for deeper cultural understanding and can offer insights into how these spaces shaped community life. However, the report also raises important questions about the future of these spaces. One of the most pressing issues is the growing tension between religious protectionism and public access to kattes. While many of these spaces are associated with local temples or deities, it is essential to ensure they remain open to the public, continuing their role as centres of social interaction and spiritual connection.

Changing role of shade
Kattes were traditionally a source of respite, both physically and mentally, offering shade from the intense tropical sun. The shadow of the tree was a gathering point for people of all backgrounds — families, elders, travellers and animals. But in today’s Mangaluru, that once-soothing shade is occupied by cars. Increasing urban traffic and parking issues have turned this space into a parking lot. The changing role of trees in urban settings presents new challenges for the conservation of kattes. Many kattes are constructed using locally available laterite stone, but growing tree roots can interfere with the structural integrity of the platform. Some have been modified with higher platforms or gated fences, discouraging their use. INTACH’s documentation process has recommended design solutions to allow for tree growth while ensuring the kattes remain accessible and functional.

Moving forward
Mangaluru now has a chance to protect a piece of its heritage that is as important to its identity as any monument or temple. INTACH’S call is simple yet urgent: communities must come together, not just to conserve these spaces, but to restore the social, spiritual, and ecological functions they once served. preserving Kattes is not only about protecting trees and structures, it’s about safeguarding a way of life that connects people, past and present, through shared spaces of rest, worship, and community. Quiz-2023.

https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/karnataka/2024/Dec/15/reviving-the-vanishing-kattes-of-mangaluru, December 17, 2024

Archaeology functions as a major tool in unravelling the secret of India’s glorious past. Archaeological excavations from time to time have laid bare the magnificent past of the sub-continent and brought it in front of the eyes of the world. An important archaeological discovery made in the second decade of the 21st century has not only attracted the attention of the country but the entire world. The archaeological remains recovered from the excavation in 2018 from Sinauli village of Baghpat district, located on the banks of river Yamuna at a distance of about 70 km from the capital New Delhi, completely changed the perspective of Indian history. Although Sinauli was excavated by the Archaeological Survey of India in 2004-2005; but the archaeological remains recovered in the excavation conducted in 2018 under the leadership of Dr. Sanjay Kumar Manjul, Additional Director General, ASI changed the passage of history writing in India. This archaeological site has revealed the remains of 116 human burials dating back to 4000 years (this date is based on carbon dating). The archeological finds along with these human burial are unique in themselves. The most important archeological find from Sinauli is a horse-driven chariot made of wood and copper.

This is the first instance where remains of a chariot have been found recovered during excavations in India. It is worth mentioning here that chariots have a special reference in the ancient texts of India. A total of 3 chariots have been recovered during the excavation. These chariots have been made with very advanced technology and are a symbol of ancient Indian knowledge system. These chariots were buried along with human graves and these humans were in fact the owners of these chariots. Along with the chariots, we have also found copper swords from the graves of Sinauli which in the archaeological terminology are referred to as Copper Antenna swords. From a burial ground in Sinauli, we have also discovered the remains of a bow made of wood. It is worth mentioning here that excavations have recovered skeletons of both men and women. Various types of antiquities have been found associated with these skeletons. From some burial grounds, we have also found shields which were used in war, and were made of wood and copper. Along with this, a helmet worn by warriors has also been unearthed for the first time from Sinauli.

This too was buried with the dead body and is made of copper. The antiquities found with the human skeletons undoubtedly provide irrefutable evidence that the former are the ancestors of the present-Indian population and constitute a warrior group. Not only this, the swords and other archaeological remains found along with the skeletons of women provide evidence that the social status of women in ancient India was equal to that of men. There are ample details available in ancient Hindu texts about women being warriors. The excavations of 2018 brought to light another specialty of the human burials found from Sinauli. The bodies were buried in wooden coffins. Although the wood used in the coffins got perished with time, but the ornamentation done on the wooden surface using copper and steatite provided a clue in unravelling that the bodies were kept in four-legged wooden coffins. On the upper surface of one of these coffins, nine anthropomorphic faces have been made using copper. These faces bear a crown with two horns and a peepal leaf on the top. This symbology probably had some religious connotation. The peepal leaf continues to hold a sacred space in Indian culture. Apart from the copper tools, various other types of archaeological remains have also been found from the burials of Sinauli. Food items, beads, arrowheads made of bone etc. were also buried in earthen pots along with the dead. A sacred chamber made of burnt bricks has been excavated near the burial site of Sinauli. The roof of this chamber was probably built using perishable materials, for instance, wood. It seems that the dead bodies were brought to this chamber before burial and the last religious rites were performed here. In the excavation done in 2005, no evidence of habitation site was found from Sinauli. In 2018, we have also found the remains of furnaces for firing pottery and smelting copper from Sinauli.

In addition to this, a large number of burnt bricks have also been found from Sinauli which are 50 cm in length and 30 cm in width. These archaeological remains have made it distinct that the people buried in Sinauli used to live here permanently and these burials are not performed randomly. The Saraswati – Indus Civilization has an important place in Indian history. The archaeological remains found from the excavation of Sinauli are completely different from those of the Saraswati Indus Civilization. In the past years, surveys conducted by archaeologists have revealed possibilities that 4000 years ago, a culture distinctive from the Saraswati Indus Civilization existed in the Ganga and Yamuna Doab. This cultural period deserves more research in order to understand it better. Scientific research is ongoing on the archaeological remains found from Sinauli. According to the excavator, the DNA of the skeletons unearthed from Sinauli and the DNA of the 4500-year-old skeleton recovered from Rakhigarhi are the same. These new data on the archaeological remains and ancient DNA studies of Sinauli are unravelling new facets of proto-history and in the years to come, will challenge the established theories of Indian history.

https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/blogs/voices/sinauli-greatest-archaeological-find-of-21st-century/, December 18, 2024

The ashmound situated on survey number 160(B) land within the jurisdiction of Sirivara Gram Panchayat in Moka Hobli of Ballari taluk levelled to the ground. An ashmound of neolithic age, dating back to 4,000 to 5,000 years, located near the Sangankallu Hiregudda on the outskirts of Ballari, has been completely destroyed. The ashmound was situated on survey number 160(B) land within the jurisdiction of Sirivara Gram Panchayat in Moka Hobli of Ballari taluk. Venkateshwarlu and Venkatarayudu jointly own the land. The mound was demolished to level the land by filling a pit on the property.

Upon learning of the incident, members of the ‘Robert Bruce Foote Sangankallu Archaeological Museum’ in Ballari visited the site and were shocked to find the ashmound levelled. They have informed the district administration, State Department of Archaeology Museums & Heritage about the incident. Following instructions from district officials, local authorities visited the site for inspection. The landowners, unaware of the ashmound’s significance, destroyed it. Officials informed DH that the mound had been almost entirely destroyed.

In 2012, the government declared the prehistoric sites, ashmoulds, and sites in Sangankallu, Sirivara, and Kappagallu villages as protected sites. Despite regulations prohibiting any development within a 100-metre radius, allegations have surfaced that the landowners violated these rules. Before Sangankallu’s declaration as a protected site, two ashmounds had already been destroyed. Now, the third ashmound has also been demolished. Attempts to get a response from the State Archaeology Department were unsuccessful. Archaeological Survey of India’s Hampi Circle Superintending Archaeologist Nikhil Das expressed deep shock over the incident. “This is an unfortunate incident. The Karnataka State Department of Archaeology must take action. I have instructed our officials to visit the site for inspection and requested the landowner to take protective measures,” he stated. What is an ashmound? During the Neolithic period, there was a culture of worshipping Nandi. These structures emerged with the advent of agriculture and animal husbandry. Ash, dung, and other materials were piled and periodically burned, forming mounds over time. These mounds are found only in Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh, as per archaeologist Dr Korisettar.

https://www.deccanherald.com/india/karnataka/neolithic-ashmound-dating-back-4k-to-5k-years-destroyed-in-ballari-3320156, December 19, 2024

The Union Ministry of Ports, Shipping, and Waterways (MoPSW) has announced an ambitious Rs 4,000 crore project aimed at redefining India’s maritime heritage, with a spotlight on the historic town of Lothal in Gujarat, now a UNESCO World Heritage Site. This initiative seeks to position Lothal as the centrepiece of India’s maritime history and transform it into a global tourist and cultural hub. Union Ports, Shipping, and Waterways Minister Sarbananda Sonowal stated that the project involves a comprehensive infrastructure upgrade, including the development of the National Maritime Heritage Complex (NMHC). This complex aims to preserve and showcase India’s maritime legacy while promoting Lothal as an international destination. Lothal, a prominent city of the ancient Harappan civilization dating back to 2600 BC, is renowned for its archaeological significance, including the discovery of the world's oldest man-made dockyard, over 5,000 years old. As one of the most vital ports of the Indus Valley Civilization, Lothal facilitated trade with ancient civilizations like Mesopotamia, Egypt, and Persia. "Around 5,000 years ago, India used to integrate the world through commercial activity, maritime trade, culture, and civilisation. The new tourist hub in Lothal will highlight and preserve the historical importance of India and showcase it to the world," Sonowal emphasised. The NMHC will include a maritime museum depicting India’s shipbuilding and navigation history, waterfront developments featuring reconstructed ancient vessels, and advanced research facilities on maritime archaeology and conservation. Additional attractions include a Lighthouse Museum, an open aquatic gallery, and themed parks on naval history, climate change, and nature conservation. Infrastructure upgrades will involve the construction of international standard hotels, theme parks, and enhanced inland waterways. Phase 1A of the project, which will highlight India’s maritime trade legacy across states, is scheduled for completion by September 2025, with the full complex expected to be operational by 2029. Approximately Rs 3,000 crore in private investment is expected to be mobilized through public-private partnerships (PPP), with several prominent hotel chains already expressing interest.

https://swarajyamag.com/news-brief/lothals-5000-year-old-indus-valley-civilisation-legacy-rs-4000-crore-project-to-showcase-indias-maritime-and-cultural-history, December 20, 2024

They believe this stretch of road, called ‘Pedda Angadi Veedhi’ (Big Shop Street) during the Vijayanagar period, is where gold and other precious metals were sold during the peak of the massive medieval South Indian kingdom. Labourers clear an area near Hazara Rama Temple in Hampi for excavation. The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) officials believe that the one-km stretch of Pan Supari Bazaar is the area where traders were selling gold, diamonds and other precious metals during the peak of Vijayanagar kingdom.Credit: Special arrangement Hubballi: The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) officials are excavating the one-kilometre-long Pan Supari Bazaar stretch between Hazara Rama Temple and Shrungarada Hebbagilu (Beautiful Main Entrance) at Hampi in Vijayanagar district. They believe this stretch of road, called ‘Pedda Angadi Veedhi’ (Big Shop Street) during the Vijayanagar period, is where gold and other precious metals were sold during the peak of the massive medieval South Indian kingdom.

In the last 10 days of excavation, they have unearthed potsherds, like redware, greyware and porcelain. A terracotta bead and a coin, made of either bronze or copper, said to be belonging to the 15th century, have also been found. The excavation is based on the chronicles and epigraphs found in various temples, monuments, and books by travellers. “Most of the research at Vijayanagar has focused on the city’s southern, western (most extensively worked area) and northern regions. The eastern part of the city is relatively less explored,” Nikhil Das, ASI Hampi Circle superintending archaeologist, said. “Inscription on temples and records of foreign travellers gives indisputable evidence of a thriving marketplace at a place which is now known as Pan Supari Bazaar,” Das said. He said the description also points out that ‘Pedda Angadi Veedhi’ is the place where the trade of precious metals was taking place.

Persian traveller Abdul Razzaq, in his chronicles, has written about the presence of four Bazaars by the king’s palace which were ‘extremely long and broad, placed opposite to each other’. His chronicles also describe that each class of men belonging to each profession had contiguous shops; the jewellers sold publicly in the Bazaars; pearls, rubies, emeralds, and diamonds. Domingo Paes, a traveller from Portugal, also has given an account of the Bazaar noting the sale of valuable products along with an evening fair. “The description in their books leads to Pan Supari Bazaar,” Das said. This is not the first time that excavation has been taken up in this area. In 1985, the ASI started excavating the 150 sqm area in front of the Hazara Rama Temple and found evidence of extensive trading of areca and its allied products. They, however, did not discover any large structures or monuments then. The excavation had to be stopped due to the paucity of funds. The Union government has now allocated Rs 7 lakh for the excavation with a promise of allocating more funds. The officials have dug up three trenches of 10X10 at Enclosure-16 with the hope of finding traces of a thriving market area in the 650 sqm area.

To join hands with students The ASI wants to speed up the process of excavation and is planning to join hands with the Department of Archaeology at various Universities and colleges. “This could be a win-win situation for both students and the ASI, as the research students will get a first-hand experience of excavating one of the most important historical sites under the guidance of experts and at the same time, the ASI will get more skilled human resources to excavate the area,” Das said.

https://www.deccanherald.com/india/karnataka/asi-begins-excavation-of-hampis-pan-supari-bazaar-3324488, December 21, 2024

Pink Trumpet Trees begin to bloom at this time of year, eventually displaying stunning light pink flowers that resemble Japan’s famous cherry blossom trees. However, very few of these trees can be seen in Goa. The 18 Exposition of the Sacred Relics of St Francis Xavier, popularly known as Gõycho Saib is being held from November 21, 2024 to January 5, 2025. This important religious event of Goa is taking place at Se Cathedral, in Old Goa, which is also a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The 17 century cathedral is famous for many reasons — mainly its history, architecture, and overall grandeur. However, there's another aspect that easily captures the attention of plant enthusiasts, and that’s the beautiful Pink Trumpet Tree (Tabebuia rosea) in the vicinity. Pink Trumpet Trees can be seen just outside the cathedral and the Basilica of Bom Jesus. And, if you happen to be there in the months of December and January, you will be greeted by this stunning flowering tree in bloom. These trees will be filled with pretty light pink flowers, making you feel like you are in some kind of dreamland. Horticulturist and tree expert, Miguel Braganza, mentions that these trees were probably planted by the ASI (Archaeological Survey of India) before the 1974 exposition. “They were most probably planted by N Rama Rao, the botany graduate who was in charge of landscaping for the Directorate of Archaeology & Museums, Goa, before the 1974 exposition.” This means that these flowering trees, in Old Goa, are at least 50-years-old. This tree is not very common in urban spaces of Goa, unlike the rain tree or copper pod tree. It blooms for only a few months each year, and for the rest of the time, its canopy is insignificant, causing it to go unnoticed when it's not in bloom. In Panjim city, some of these trees are found near the ferry point just opposite Hotel Mandovi.

There’s a lone tree standing at St Inez (near the church), at the Children’s Park (Campal) and also at the Jogger’s Park (Altinho, Panjim). During winter, the tree sheds its leaves, and then, starts flowering from January to March. The best part is the carpet of pink flowers that forms beneath this tree. The tree doesn't bear fruit, but instead produces pods that contain seeds. Its bark is known for its medicinal properties.

Many a time, due to its pink flowers, it is confused with the cherry blossom tree which is usually found in colder regions like Japan. In India, cherry trees are found in the state of Meghalaya, where there is even a festival to celebrate this blossom. On social media, you will even come across reels claiming that this tree is a cherry blossom tree. There are several subspecies within the Tabebuia genus, such as Tabebuia avellanedae, which has dark pink flowers, and Tabebuia argentea, known for its yellow blooms. In Goa, the most common variety is Tabebuia rosea, but a few Tabebuia argentea trees, with their yellow flowers, can be found in Old Goa, though they are rare. The trees outside the basilica and cathedral are some of the finest examples of the Pink Trumpet Tree. So, the next time you visit this area, make sure to take a moment to admire this tree, which will surely transport you into a meditative state with its ethereal beauty and appearance.

https://www.deccanherald.com/india/karnataka/asi-begins-excavation-of-hampis-pan-supari-bazaar-3324488, December 20, 2024